Effects of vermicompost and cow manure on physiological characteristics of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) in Rasht region

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

2 M.Sc., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Calendula officinalis L., commonly known as Marigold, is an herbaceous annual plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is renowned as both a medicinal and ornamental plant, cultivated extensively for the extraction of its beneficial compounds found in its petals, for use in phytotherapy, as well as for various ornamental purposes. The present study was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and 11 treatments in the year 1398. The utilized fertilizers included decomposed cow manure, vermicompost, and a combination of the two as a composite fertilizer. No chemical fertilizers were used as negative controls, while 130 kilograms of urea per hectare served as the positive control. The physiological traits of the flowers were examined during the full bloom stage. The results demonstrated significant effects of cow manure, vermicompost, and the composite fertilizer on chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content, flavonoids, total phenols, antioxidant capacity, and carotenoid content. The highest levels of chlorophyll a (0.76 mg/g leaf weight), chlorophyll b (1.45 mg/g leaf weight), and total chlorophyll (7.35 mg/g leaf weight) were obtained in the treatment of 15 kilograms of cow manure and vermicompost. Additionally, the maximum carotenoid content (31.298 mg/g dry weight) was observed in the treatment of 30 kilograms of cow manure. The highest levels of flavonoids (0.365 mg/g dry weight), total phenols (0.453 mg/g dry weight), and antioxidant capacity (70.30% DPPH) were recorded in the treatment of 10 kilograms of cow manure and vermicompost. The minimum values of the mentioned traits were registered in the negative control. Overall, vermicompost and cow manure had a positive impact on the production of Calendula flowers and can be of economic importance.

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 14 May 2023
  • Revise Date: 05 June 2023
  • Accept Date: 11 June 2023

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