Evaluation of secondary metabolites in Echinops polygamous and E. tenuisecta and their allelopathic activity

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Ph.D student, Dept. of Plant Biology, Agriculture Faculty, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran

2 Professor, Dept. of Plant Biology, Agriculture Faculty Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Plant Biology, Agriculture Faculty Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Agriculture, Agriculture Faculty, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran

5 Assistant Professor, Forest Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural Instruction, and Natural Resource Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

This study examined Echinops polygamous from Saveh and E. tenuisecta from Kermanshah, two species belonging to the Asteraceae family that produce manna trehala. The research focused on determining the composition of manna trehala, the localization of carbohydrates, the levels of alkaloids and flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant and allelopathic activities of the vegetative organs and manna. Various analyses were conducted on the manna materials, including protein, starch, alkaloid, and phenol reagents, as well as the Trommer test to identify the position of carbohydrates in the tissues. The flavonoid extract was evaluated through the formation of the flavonoid-aluminum complex, while alkaloid content was measured using a spectrophotometer. Antioxidant activity was assessed by means of DPPH reduction. The allelopathic effect of the vegetative organs and manna was determined by examining their influence on seed germination and the growth of mung bean seeds. The experiments were conducted using a factorial design and a completely randomized approach. The composition of the manna consisted of glycogen, dextrin, and protein. Sucrose and dextrin-protein were detected below the epidermis and phloem. The roots displayed the highest levels of flavonoids and alkaloids, while the shoots exhibited greater antioxidant activity compared to the roots. The flavonoid, alkaloid, antioxidant, and allelopathic activities of the manna were found to be negligible. Extracts obtained from the manna exhibited inhibitory effects on seed germination and the growth of mung bean seedlings. The structure of the manna, types of sugars present, alkaloid and flavonoid contents, as well as the antioxidant, allelopathic activities, and medicinal value of both species were found to be similar.

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 December 2022
  • Revise Date: 15 May 2023
  • Accept Date: 11 June 2023

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